Centella asiatica (CA) is a Umbelliferae plant, mainly containing amino acids, flavonoids, triterpenoids and other components. Its main monomer types are asiaticoside, madecassoside, and madecassoic acid. Centella asiatica has a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-venous insufficiency, and anti-ulcer, promoting wound healing, anti-depression, and restoring nerve function. effect. Recent studies have found that Centella asiatica has a potential effect on neurodegenerative diseases, which provides a new idea for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Centella asiatica and Neurodegenerative Diseases
1 Centella asiatica and Alzheimer's disease
Asiaticoside can improve the memory ability of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its mechanism may be related to anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and regulation of Aβ production.
Madecassoside may reduce the Aβ deposition in AD patients, increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the brain, improve cognitive impairment, and delay the occurrence and development of AD.
Asiatic acid can effectively improve the learning and memory ability of AD mice, which may be related to the regulation of central cholinergic and glutamate cholinergic. Studies have found that asiatic acid and its derivatives have inhibitory effects on Aβ-induced neurotoxicity.
2 Centella asiatica and Parkinson's disease
Asiaticoside can antagonize the abnormal function of the sodium-potassium pump in MPP+PD, reduce Bax, increase Bcl-2 expression, and reduce irregular vesicles and fibrillar deposition.
Madecassoside can protect MPTP PD dopaminergic neurons, reverse DA depletion, increase antioxidant activity, decrease MDA levels, and increase BDNF expression, thereby effectively improving motor dysfunction.
Asiatic acid can inhibit the expression of TH in the substantia nigra of PD, and reduce the levels of TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 in the brain and serum. Asiatic acid can also improve symptoms by down-regulating IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA mRNA expression levels in the brain of MPTP PD, inhibiting TH protein synthesis, reducing the number of TH positive cells, and protecting substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons.
Centella asiatica is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's Disease (HD), and its mechanism of action is mainly related to anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory response, anti-mitochondrial injury, reducing Aβ deposition, anti-neuron apoptosis and so on.
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